LO3: Explain the use of lighting and camera settings in the context of the plan you have created [✓]

I have created different plans, these are floor plans. I have done this so I am aware of where lighting will need to go during the filming but also I needed to plan camera positing and which camera would be used.

In Shot Plan 1, this is the set up for my interviews which will be conducted. I will be placing a 4K SONY Handy cam, pretty much in front of the subject of interview. Using a tripod, this will be main change during the filming so that the camera is level with the interviewee. But the reason i have planned to use the camera in a static position, directly aiming at the subject is because it will help create focus on the subject and help the audience understand the importance of the figures in the interview. The settings on the camera itself, will be determined by the effected lighting.

The lighting for this part of the cinematic footage will be created via two soft boxes, as pictured in floor plan. These will be either side of the camera. They will be aimed to help create shadow and help connote drama and tension of the game, which will later be show. However, these will be made and aimed to look more like natural ambient lighting. This is because, the context of the situation, we are showcasing the organic nature of the this team, them being a lower league team, how have just come to what they are, which is in this league taking on something new.

In Shot Plan 2, this is the dressing room scene, where the team talk will take place and be filmed. The setting for this, relates heavily to the context, the drama and the atmosphere of what it is like to be in a team before a match needs to be connoted via this scene. So I will be placing the camera, in a static position, the exposure will likely be increased so that more light is let in, as the room will be dim, but lighting will be used to aid the scene. The camera, will be static, and allow all the team to be showcased this is to help connote the context of the team work which will take place. With the quality of the camera, the emotion of the players will be scene and how they react to the talk will also be seen which is why the camera has been placed in the position but also chosen.

The lighting will be again the soft boxes, there will again be two. One will be placed behind Andrew and still not seen on the camera and the second will be placed to the other side of the camera, this is to make sure the players can all be seen. The lighting will be dimmer, this is because I want to showcase drama while the audience can still see the scene in itself, so it is key to have the lighting featured,

Shot Plan 3, this will be an ambient lit set of shots. This is because, I do not want to distract from the game, as it is likely that soft box lighting may do this. I have chosen to use ambient light, just so that the nature of the game is portrayed well and the naturalness of it can be seen by the audience. While the camera, will play a larger part, this is because, it will capture the pace of the game and the context of the footage, which needs to be connoted via the camera work. This time, the camera, will not be static it shall be moved to different places on the pitch and will move between angles and additionally the direction, this is all so context can be gathered and the game can be understood. But also, so that the tension and drama of the game can be connoted.

LO2: Explain the different lighting settings that may be used to record footage[✓]

DIFFERENT TYPES OF LIGHTING

Three Point Lighting:

Three Point lighting is three lights, placed in different positions and aimed at one object, to create focus onto the said object. This involves setting up three lights, in the position of key light, this is typically the nearest to the object. Then the back light, which goes behind but is not seen by the camera, when filming or taking any photos. To the other side of the camera there is the film light which fills in the lighting gap provided by backlight and key.

Benefits: It creates focus onto a single object and have varied uses for photography and also creating film. Lights can be moved easily to surround the object and create different effects via the lighting.

Limitations: Can leave areas without light. Is typically only of use for a single object, so only has a small range of purposes verses other lighting set ups.

Soft Box Lighting:

This is typically photographic lighting, which involves, this can involve using one or more soft boxes. Soft boxes are lights, which is enclosed around the bulb, this makes the compromise of the reflective side. There is a diffusing material placed at the front of the box, and this diffuses the light, which creates the expected lighting from a soft box.

These are used typically to add light to certain areas and create shadow in different places. They can be used to focus on more than just one object.

Benefits: Can create focus on a single object or numerous. One or more soft boxes can be used to achieve certain effects. Helps diffuse certain element creating different effects

Limitations: Can leave areas without lighting due to the diffusion. Can get expensive if a number of soft boxes are required

Ambient Lighting:

This is light which is already present, as it is natural lighting which usually comes through window from inside and outside.

Ambient Lighting is used to typically film certain types of scene which are outdoors and require the lighting to look natural for different connotations.

Benefits: Can create good connotations, and is readily available and ever present. Cost Effective lighting choice

Limitations: Time of day and weather can effect it making it some times unusable.

High/ Low Key Lighting:

Lighting has two different keys, high key, which is brighter lighting this is used to connote typically happiness within a scene and it can be easy to create, as it requires the settings of the lighting to be higher.

Low Key lighting, is dark, and requires adjustment to lighting. It is known to connote a problem and drama.

LO1:Research Into Different Cameras[✓]

CAMERA/RECORDING SYSTEMS

PanaFlex:
Panaflex, is a camera which was manufactured by Panavision. It is a lightweight camera, which was first created in 1972. It was a 35mm motion picture camera, which was said to revolutionise the film industry and the filming of major motion picture films.

Benefits: Those, whom are hired to use are specialists, so the created imagery with the cinematography will be of the best quality, as they are trained. There is the benefit of it being a lightweight camera, which becomes easier for the team to operate.

Limitations: The technology within panaflex, is a lot older than other created
The limitations of the Panaflex, is first of all that when using any kind of Panaflex camera, you have to have Panavision technicians, who are trained to be able to use the equipment, with this, this means the price of using the Panaflex is a higher due to having to employee extra people.

RED:
Is the RED Digital camera company, whom manufacture professional cinematography equipment.

RED, (Red Digital Camera) have created several different recording systems which have advanced since the first launch in 2007. Each of the cameras have been used to shoot a number of blockbusters within the film industry.

There newest cameras, the DSMC2 system, has an 8K resolution and was used to shoot scenes within Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2

Benefits: The benefits of using RED cameras are that they provide high resolution and a number of different lenses with attributed zoom

Limitation: They are expensive, and will be heavy in weight due to them being specialist cameras for the cinematography industry.


HD:

The HD format, which stands for high definition. This is a common format among film and television. There is no standard format for HD, so it can vary within different countries. The standard for the video within American is 480 vertical lines, where as Europe is 576 vertical lines. HD is formed out of the lines, the more lines the higher the quality, as seen the table.

This also feature Ultra-HD which is a higher number of lines on a video, and this is a format which is better than HD and can be paired with the likes of pixel format 4K.

Benefits: It is an accessible formate available to most people when it comes to cinematography. It can

Limitations: Other formats have succeeded it, such as UHD, which can be paired with the 4K Format, it becomes better than standard HD.

4K Format:
The 4K format is a formate which involves the 4000 pixels. It is a format which has since become common for the display of digital cinematography. It allows for deeper colour and more detail of images to be seen.

Benefits: It is an accessible format, which has become and easy standard to follow for the film industry. Additionally the format can be found on many different platforms. The format is widely available on equipment which is of a lower price.

Limitations: There are new formats coming out by different cameras which beat the quality in it., however, that is within highly expensive equipment.

IMAX:
IMAX, is a proprietary system which is of high resolution cameras, film formats, projects. The system can be found throughout numerous cinemas/theatres to show different films. The system was created in the 1960s and developed throughout, to currently it is seen as one of the top elements in film.

IMAX, within cinemas, is to do with increasing the resolution of films, large film such as Disney's Avenger's: Endgame, upcoming films such as No Time To Die, the new James Bond film will be IMAX listed films and be featured within IMAX screens. The increase in resolution of films is done by using a larger frame rate to increase the res of the film. The camera, created by IMAX is also different. "At 24 frames per second, this means that the film moves through the camera at 102.7 metres per minute (just over 6 km/h). In a conventional 65mm camera, the film passes vertically through the camera, five perforations at a time, or 34 metres per minute. In comparison, in a conventional 35mm camera, 35mm film passes vertically through the camera, at four (smaller) perforations at a time, which translates to 27.4 metres per minute" /Film Interview: IMAX Executives Talk 'The Hunger Games: Catching Fire' and IMAX Misconceptions". Slash Film. December 2, 2013. Retrieved January 23 2020. 

Since the first camera was created, they have created more, in 2015, the most recent version was created, which was the camera used by Disney's subsidiary Marvel for Avengers' Infinity War and others. This camera was called ARRI Alexa IMAX Digital Camera.

Benefits: 
Allows for the highest quality imagery to be produced. Viewing ability of IMAX films is high, but there must be certain cinemas to watch it in.

Limitations:
The limitations of that the IMAX is a proprietary system which means typically they can usually be used on only one set of software or across only a systems. For example this is common across Adobe products, they hold proprietary files. It is an expensive system and requires skilled professionals to work.